{{Quote|Feeling rather sick, [[Harry Potter|Harry]] looked up at the people seated at the bench above. There were about fifty of them… all staring down their noses at him, some with very austere expressions, others looks of frank curiosity|[[Harry Potter]] during [[Disciplinary hearing of Harry Potter|his hearing]] before the Wizengamot|Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix}}
{{Quote|Feeling rather sick, [[Harry Potter|Harry]] looked up at the people seated at the bench above. There were about fifty of them… all staring down their noses at him, some with very austere expressions, others looks of frank curiosity|[[Harry Potter]] during [[Disciplinary hearing of Harry Potter|his hearing]] before the Wizengamot|Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix}}
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The '''Wizengamot''' is [[wizarding world|wizarding]] Britain's high court of law and parliament. It may be a continuation of the old [[Wizards' Council]]. Its administrative headquarters is located in the [[Department of Magical Law Enforcement]] of the [[British Ministry of Magic|Ministry of Magic]].Atleast some of its trials take place in the dungeons of the lower levels.
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The '''Wizengamot''' is [[wizarding world|wizarding]] Britain's high court of law and parliament. It may be a continuation of the old [[Wizards' Council]]. Its administrative headquarters are located in the [[Department of Magical Law Enforcement]] of the [[British Ministry of Magic|Ministry of Magic]],whilstthe trials take place in the dungeons of the lower levels. The Wizengamot also appears to act as a form of parliament, with various bills passed and legislated in separate sittings to trials, in a similar fashion to that of [[Muggle]] [[Great Britain]].
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TheWizengamotappears to act as a form of parliament: the various [[Educational Decree]]s introduced by [[Minister for Magic]] [[Cornelius Fudge]] in [[1995]] were passed and sanctioned by the Wizengamot. Similarly, [[Muggle]]lawsin[[GreatBritain]]mustbe agreed to by Parliament. It is unstated how much control the Wizengamot has over passing these decrees, and how much control the Minister exercises insuchcircumstances.
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Whilecourtis in session, memberswearplum-colouredrobesembroideredwithasilverletter ''W ''.
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==Structure==
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==Structure and Functionality==
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The Wizengamot is made up of around fifty members. The selection process is unclear, though the [[Minister for Magic]] appears to have some control over selection or deselection. In addition, a Court Scribe acts as [[:wikipedia:stenographer|stenographer]]. The Minister for Magic, [[Dolores Umbridge|Senior Undersecretary to the Minister]], and Head of the Department of Magical Law Enforcement preside over the Wizengamot ''ex officio''. There also was a British Youth Representative for people no more than 17 years old.<ref>{{BookChapter|[[Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows]]|18|[[The Life and Lies of Albus Dumbledore]]}}</ref>
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The Wizengamot is made up of around fifty members. The selection process is unclear, though the [[Minister for Magic]] appears to have some control over selection or deselection. In addition, a Court Scribe acts as {{wplink|stenographer}}. The Minister for Magic, [[Dolores Umbridge|Senior Undersecretary to the Minister]], and Head of the Department of Magical Law Enforcement preside over the Wizengamot ''ex officio''. There also was a British Youth Representative for people no more than 17 years old.<ref>{{BookChapter|[[Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows]]|18|[[The Life and Lies of Albus Dumbledore]]}}</ref> In recent times, the average age a Wizengamot member was 87 years.<ref name="wombat">[[Wizards' Ordinary Magic and Basic Aptitude Test]]</ref>
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[[Albus Dumbledore]] held the position of [[Chief Warlock]] of the Wizengamot, except during the period of July [[1995]] to June [[1996]], in which he was removed from the post because of his insistence that [[Tom Riddle|Lord Voldemort]] had returned. He was reinstated when the Ministry was forced to acknowledge Voldemort's return, specifically when he appeared in person at the [[British Ministry of Magic|Ministry of Magic]] in [[1996]].
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[[Albus Dumbledore]] held the position of [[Chief Warlock]] of the Wizengamot, except during the period of July [[1995]] to June [[1996]], in which he was removed from the post because of his insistence that [[Tom Riddle|Lord Voldemort]] had returned. He was reinstated when the Ministry was forced to acknowledge Voldemort's return, specifically when he appeared in person at the [[British Ministry of Magic|Ministry of Magic]] in [[1996]]. Given that the Wizengamot was presided over by the Minister for Magic in the 1995 trial of Harry Potter, the period in which Dumbledore had lost this title, it is unclear whether the Minister always heads the Wizengamot, or if he took on the role of Chief Warlock himself. It is also possible that the Chief Warlock acts as an impartial executive figure, much like the Queen does over the British and Commonwealth Parliaments.
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While court is insession, memberswearplum-colouredrobesembroideredwith a silverletter''W''.
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It is unstatedhow much control the Wizengamot and Minister for Magic have over the passing of decrees, howeveritcanbeassumedthat they various [[Educational Decree]]s introduced by [[Minister for Magic]] [[Cornelius Fudge]] in [[1995]] did not pass through the Wizengamot, given the general definition of a {{wplink|Decree}} andthesheer speed at which some were passed. The Wizengamot might however be able to quash these decrees with amajorityvote.
==Known members of the Wizengamot==
==Known members of the Wizengamot==
[[File:Ameliabones.jpg|thumb|170px|[[Amelia Bones]], a member of the Wizangamot and head of the [[Department of Magical Law Enforcement]].]]
[[File:Ameliabones.jpg|thumb|170px|[[Amelia Bones]], a member of the Wizangamot and head of the [[Department of Magical Law Enforcement]].]]
[[File:HarryonTrial.jpg|thumb|250px|right|[[Harry Potter]] at his Wizengamot trial in [[1995]].]]
{{See also|Disciplinary hearing of Harry Potter}}
{{See also|Disciplinary hearing of Harry Potter}}
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In [[1995]],<ref name=hp5>''[[Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix]]''</ref>the Wizengamot tried Harry on a charge of violating the [[Decree for the Reasonable Restriction of Underage Sorcery]]. Harry had been forced to produce a [[Patronus]] to defend himself and his cousin[[DudleyDursley]] against two [[Dementor]]s. [[Albus Dumbledore]] presented Harry's defence and [[Cornelius Fudge]] reluctantly dismissed the charges after a majority ruled in favour of clearing him. It was later revealed that [[Dolores Umbridge]] had sent the Dementors to attack Harry in order to silence him.
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[[File:HarryonTrial.jpg|thumb|250px|right|[[Harry Potter]] at his Wizengamottrialin [[1995]].]]
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In [[1995]],<ref name=hp5>''[[Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix]]''</ref> the Wizengamot tried Harry on a charge of violating the [[Decree for the Reasonable Restriction of Underage Sorcery]]. Harry had been forced to produce a [[Patronus]] to defend himself and his cousin [[Dudley Dursley]] against two [[Dementor]]s. The time of the hearing was changed sometime the night before the trial, and although the Wizengamot sent [[Wizengamot letter to Harry Potter|a letter]] to Harry informing of this, he missed it. Nonetheless, [[Albus Dumbledore]] presented Harry's defence and [[Cornelius Fudge]] reluctantly dismissed the charges after a majority ruled in favour of clearing him. It was later revealed that [[Dolores Umbridge]] had sent the Dementors to attack Harry in order to silence him.
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[[Percy Weasley]] later sent a letter to his brother [[Ronald Weasley|Ron]] referring to "the whole Wizengamot," implying that this type of trial was unusual. Smaller disciplinary hearings do not require the court's attention at all and are dealt with by a single investigator.
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[[Percy Weasley]] later sent a letter to his brother [[Ronald Weasley|Ron]] referring to "the whole Wizengamot," implying that this type of trial was unusual. Smaller disciplinary hearings do not require the court's attention at all and are dealt with by a single investigator, as the original hearing was supposed to be in [[Amelia Bones]]'s [[Head of the Department of Magical Law Enforcement's office|office]], and that Dumbledore himself noted the unnatural change to press forward with a full trial on a simple case of underage magic due to Fudge's haste in law changing.
==Etymology==
==Etymology==
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The word "Wizengamot" is a portmanteau formed with the words "wizard" and "[[Wikipedia:Witenagemot|Witenagemot]]." The Witenagemot was a council of powerful nobles who convened to advise and appoint kings in [[Wikipedia:Anglo-Saxon England|Anglo-Saxon England]]. The word derives from the Old English for "meeting of wise men" - ''witan'', meaning "wise man" or "counsellor", and ''gemot'', meaning "assembly". So it can be said that "Wizengamot" means "assembly of wizards".
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The word "Wizengamot" is a portmanteau formed with the words "wizard" and "{{wplink|Witenagemot}}." The Witenagemot was a council of powerful nobles who convened to advise and appoint kings in {{wplink|Anglo-Saxon England}}. The word derives from the Old English for "meeting of wise men" - ''witan'', meaning "wise man" or "counsellor", and ''gemot'', meaning "assembly". So it can be said that "Wizengamot" means "assembly of wizards".
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==Behind the scenes==
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*There are several differences between the appearance of the Wizengamot in the [[Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix|film adaptation]] and how they are descried in the [[Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix|novel]]
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**The robes in the film have a more formal appearance to them.
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**In the novel, the members of the Wizengamot are descried as plum coloured robes while in the movie, the robes are more of a red colour.
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**Black robes are also worn by a number of members, including [[Cornelius Fudge]], [[Amelia Bones]] and [[Dolores Umbridge]].
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**None of the robes have the embroidered silver letter ''W '' on them.
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*Along with the difference of robes in the film, the members of Wizengamot are seen wearing judicial headwear, that match the colour of their robes, which is not mentioned at all in the novel.
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**The headwear that the members of the Wizengamot wear in the [[Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix (film)|film adaptation]] of ''[[Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix]]'', appears to similar to {{wplink|Toque}}, judicial headwear that various French magistrates once wore.
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**The headwear also is similar to the red toque that is worn by the justices of the {{wplink|Federal Constitutional Court of Germany}}.
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**Another type of headwear that is similar in appearance is the {{wplink|Biretta}} which is worn occasionally by advocates in various law courts.
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==Appearances==
==Appearances==
*''[[Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix]]'' {{1st}}
*''[[Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix]]'' {{1st}}
"Feeling rather sick, Harry looked up at the people seated at the bench above. There were about fifty of them… all staring down their noses at him, some with very austere expressions, others looks of frank curiosity"
The Wizengamot is wizarding Britain's high court of law and parliament. It may be a continuation of the old Wizards' Council. Its administrative headquarters are located in the Department of Magical Law Enforcement of the Ministry of Magic, whilst the trials take place in the dungeons of the lower levels. The Wizengamot also appears to act as a form of parliament, with various bills passed and legislated in separate sittings to trials, in a similar fashion to that of MuggleGreat Britain.
While court is in session, members wear plum-coloured robes embroidered with a silver letter W .
The Wizengamot is made up of around fifty members. The selection process is unclear, though the Minister for Magic appears to have some control over selection or deselection. In addition, a Court Scribe acts as stenographer. The Minister for Magic, Senior Undersecretary to the Minister, and Head of the Department of Magical Law Enforcement preside over the Wizengamot ex officio. There also was a British Youth Representative for people no more than 17 years old.[1] In recent times, the average age a Wizengamot member was 87 years.[2]
Albus Dumbledore held the position of Chief Warlock of the Wizengamot, except during the period of July 1995 to June 1996, in which he was removed from the post because of his insistence that Lord Voldemort had returned. He was reinstated when the Ministry was forced to acknowledge Voldemort's return, specifically when he appeared in person at the Ministry of Magic in 1996. Given that the Wizengamot was presided over by the Minister for Magic in the 1995 trial of Harry Potter, the period in which Dumbledore had lost this title, it is unclear whether the Minister always heads the Wizengamot, or if he took on the role of Chief Warlock himself. It is also possible that the Chief Warlock acts as an impartial executive figure, much like the Queen does over the British and Commonwealth Parliaments.
It is unstated how much control the Wizengamot and Minister for Magic have over the passing of decrees, however it can be assumed that they various Educational Decrees introduced by Minister for MagicCornelius Fudge in 1995 did not pass through the Wizengamot, given the general definition of a Decree and the sheer speed at which some were passed. The Wizengamot might however be able to quash these decrees with a majority vote.
Trials appear to be brief and concise. The accused may present witnesses to be questioned by the Wizengamot. A third-party with legal knowledge may speak on behalf of a defendant, fulfilling a similar role to that of a modern barrister. However, no wizarding lawyers seem to exist, and the practice of having a spokesperson on behalf of a defendant appears to be rare.
In 1995,[5] the Wizengamot tried Harry on a charge of violating the Decree for the Reasonable Restriction of Underage Sorcery. Harry had been forced to produce a Patronus to defend himself and his cousin Dudley Dursley against two Dementors. The time of the hearing was changed sometime the night before the trial, and although the Wizengamot sent a letter to Harry informing of this, he missed it. Nonetheless, Albus Dumbledore presented Harry's defence and Cornelius Fudge reluctantly dismissed the charges after a majority ruled in favour of clearing him. It was later revealed that Dolores Umbridge had sent the Dementors to attack Harry in order to silence him.
Percy Weasley later sent a letter to his brother Ron referring to "the whole Wizengamot," implying that this type of trial was unusual. Smaller disciplinary hearings do not require the court's attention at all and are dealt with by a single investigator, as the original hearing was supposed to be in Amelia Bones's office, and that Dumbledore himself noted the unnatural change to press forward with a full trial on a simple case of underage magic due to Fudge's haste in law changing.
The word "Wizengamot" is a portmanteau formed with the words "wizard" and "Witenagemot." The Witenagemot was a council of powerful nobles who convened to advise and appoint kings in Anglo-Saxon England. The word derives from the Old English for "meeting of wise men" - witan, meaning "wise man" or "counsellor", and gemot, meaning "assembly". So it can be said that "Wizengamot" means "assembly of wizards".
None of the robes have the embroidered silver letter W on them.
Along with the difference of robes in the film, the members of Wizengamot are seen wearing judicial headwear, that match the colour of their robes, which is not mentioned at all in the novel.
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